Pancreatic Cysts

Expert assessment to tell harmless cysts from those that need treatment.

Pancreatic cysts are fluid-filled sacs in the pancreas. Many are benign and need only monitoring, but some have a risk of becoming cancerous over time. The key is accurate assessment — and that is Prof. Mittal’s area of expertise.

Types of pancreatic cysts

  • Pseudocysts — usually benign, often related to pancreatitis.
  • Serous cystadenomas — almost always benign.
  • Mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs) — have some malignant potential.
  • Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) — require careful surveillance; some carry a higher risk.

Symptoms

Many pancreatic cysts cause no symptoms and are found incidentally on scans done for other reasons. When symptoms occur, they may include abdominal pain, a feeling of fullness, nausea, or jaundice.

Diagnosis & surveillance

Assessment usually combines CT, MRI/MRCP and sometimes endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). Based on the cyst type, size and features, Prof. Mittal will recommend either ongoing surveillance or surgery. The aim is to intervene only when necessary, while catching concerning changes early.

Educational resource. For an informative podcast on pancreatic cysts and pancreatic cancer, see the link on our home page. This is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice.

Surgical treatment

When surgery is recommended, Prof. Mittal uses advanced techniques to remove the affected part of the pancreas (such as distal pancreatectomy). Where suitable, minimally invasive and robotic approaches can reduce recovery time.

Frequently Asked Questions

Questions, answered

No. Many cysts, especially small serous cystadenomas, are benign and need only surveillance. The decision depends on cyst type (IPMN, MCN, serous), size, and whether there are concerning features on imaging. Prof. Mittal will tailor a surveillance or surgical plan to your specific case.

It depends on cyst type and size. Small IPMNs without worrisome features are typically scanned every 6–12 months. Cysts with concerning features may need EUS (endoscopic ultrasound) and more frequent imaging, or surgical resection. Your surveillance plan will be personalised.